History & Development

Restoration

Rossend Castle

Rossend Castle, along with Kirkton Church, are the oldest buildings in Burntisland parish, The castle's origins possibly dating to 1119. The castle has evolved significantly over centuries: it was mentioned as the “Tower of Kinghorn Wester” in 1382 and was associated with both the Duries and Abbots of Dunfermline. Architecturally, the castle reflects several periods, featuring elements from the 13th century through extensive 16th- and 17th-century renovations, including heraldic decorations and significant structural changes. Notable residents and visitors include Mary Queen of Scots (who stayed in 1562), King James, and several monastic figures, with legends claiming St Margaret’s relics were once hidden there.

The structure itself is mainly T-plan, harled and whitewashed, with four storeys and features such as corbelled parapets, vaulted basements, and historic fireplaces. It underwent further changes in the 19th and late 20th centuries, including restoration of the main block and entrance adaptations. The castle changed hands among families like the Melvilles, Wemysses, Campbells (who gave it the Rossend name), and Laurie, who contributed additional features like the gate.

While the early function—possibly as a chapel or manor house—remains debated, the castle’s rich history is evident in its layered architecture, heraldic panels, and stories tied to Scotland’s royalty and religious turbulence.

G. McLauchlan